Tuesday, March 31, 2020

How to Make Ar in Chemistry

How to Make Ar in ChemistryMost people who do not have a background in chemistry would be baffled to know that it is possible to make an in chemistry. The following are some tips that may help anyone wishing to study chemistry to learn how to make ar in chemistry.One great way to learn about chemistry is to take advantage of the free tutoring and guidance provided by the various available resources on the internet and in one's school systems. These will allow students to learn about every aspect of the subject that they have been assigned to study. Another great way to learn about chemistry is through the various online laboratories offered by various organizations such as the Chemical Biology Society, and the American Society for Microbiology.If one wishes to learn about biology at the undergraduate level, the options that are available to them are many. A student can go to the local community college and take several biology courses so that they can earn their B.S. degree in Biolog y and the necessary credits. When doing so, a student should really choose biology as their major in order to take advantage of the many opportunities and requirements for biology as a major.When going into the working world and working in a laboratory setting for example, biology majors often find that the job opportunities are limited due to the nature of their chosen career. However, there are many great opportunities and careers in the field that a biology major can be involved with after they have completed their B.S. degree in Biology.Individuals who enjoy working with the natural world are often attracted to the medical area. This is a wonderful and rewarding career for many individuals and will provide them with the ability to work with animals and plants on a daily basis.Some of the things that students should keep in mind when planning to earn an M.S. in Chemistry, Biochemistry, or Biological Sciences is to join professional organizations and even get involved in science-r elated social activities as well.It is always helpful to take time during the course of one's education to read a journal, whether this is a college level one of the numerous professional journals that are available. Students will find that they can take advantage of many of the same tips that they would have found in a journal.Learning how to make ar in chemistry can be done in many different ways. For those individuals who wish to pursue a career in the field of chemistry, the research and projects that they do as part of their educational experiences are what will ensure that they do well in their chosen career. After all, it is very important to do well in this field because of the tremendous amount of the chemicals that we need for everyday life.

Friday, March 6, 2020

Gatech Chemistry Review

Gatech Chemistry ReviewGatech Chemistry is a unique story about two children, Frida and Ester, who each have their own special talent, but both need a way to be more than they are. Together they discover and develop their talents in math, music, language, dance, and writing.In Gatech Chemistry, you will be introduced to the two characters, Frida and Ester, who have been separated for years, and finally, reunited when Ester's grandmother has an accident and dies. There is an incident involving a horse that Frida is unable to avoid, and he finds himself in jail.This intense personal drama is based on the true story of a boy who, because of an accident when he was five, cannot communicate through words. As a result, he is confined to a private school with another child who has none of his emotional and physical abilities.The tragedy is that the boy, until now, had been able to make up his own songs and music in the child's language, and play in his band. His mother, a hospital reception ist, became so frustrated and angry that she decided to tear the entire family apart, to punish her son. She has had no further contact with him since then.Gatech Chemistry follows the tragic events that led to Frida's and Ester's reuniting. This is told in first person, and you can hear the emotions of each character as they prepare to face the unknown once again. You will find yourself rooting for them to succeed against all odds.Science fiction readers will enjoy this book for the plot, and the dynamic relationships between the two characters. On the other hand, readers who enjoy family stories and books about more traditional characters will enjoy this one as well. Gatech Chemistry also offers insight into a very real problem of failure to communicate.Gatech Chemistry is an inspiring story about two amazing children who do what they believe is right. They are lucky, because they have each other, but the author also offers insight into children and families everywhere, to show ho w important it is to be strong.

English Tutoring - A Cost Effective Way to Learn

English Tutoring - A Cost Effective Way to LearnFor those students looking for an English tutoring services to help them with their English language training, there are many schools that offer English classes. However, the downside is that you will have to pay the fees of these schools in order to enroll in these courses.This way of English tutoring can be used for children who do not want to go to the traditional school but do not have time to attend school. This is due to other commitments or the fact that they do not have any special skills in English. They can also use this method to improve their communication skills.If you are a parent and want to enroll your child in a school, then you will need to look at the available facilities that the school has to offer. This can be done through online resources. This will include the activities and other lessons that are taught. This will help you know more about the classes offered by the school.Moreover, you will have to get to know t he teachers and the teaching techniques that are used in the school that you wish to enroll your child in. You can check the website of the school so that you can get information on the English tutoring that the school has to offer.A variety of different English classes are offered by many schools. One of the main advantages of English tutoring is that you can customize the course that you wish to have. In addition, it is possible to find a private English tutor so that you can find a more affordable option.In fact, if you have to pay a fee, you may opt to study in a private school instead of paying for the tuition of the same child. The advantage of opting for private English classes is that you can learn at your own pace and focus on individual areas.Also, you will be able to customize the classes so that you can choose the ones that you wish to learn. It is important to ensure that the teacher knows the English language and has been teaching English in the school for quite some t ime.

Thursday, March 5, 2020

Tips for Navigating Difficult Office Politics - Introvert Whisperer

Introvert Whisperer / Tips for Navigating Difficult Office Politics - Introvert Whisperer Tips for Navigating Difficult Office Politics The term “office politics” often conjures images of saber-rattling co-workers talking themselves up, gunning for a promotion, or claiming a project all for themselves. Nothing could be further from the behavior of an introvert. However, it’s certainly possible for those who are less socially outgoing to successfully engage in difficult office politics. Here are a few ways that introverts can use their natural inclinations and abilities in order to navigate the often dangerous waters of workplace politics. Remember Your Strengths Introverts are typically calm and collected. While they may not possess great leadership skills, their strengths lie in areas like genuine productivity and detail-oriented focus. Introverts can begin and end a project correctly, demonstrating incredible consistency throughout the process. They also are extremely good at actively listening to others, thinking things through, and being aware of those around them. Don’t accept the notion that this state of affairs leave you at a disadvantage. Instead, boldly wield your strengths to your advantage, especially whenever you find yourself faced with a situation that involves difficult office politics. Continue to refine your interpersonal skills, as they will be an invaluable asset at your job. Doing so can also affect your future prospects, if you know how to highlight your interpersonal strengths when applying for work. Take the time to think things through in a calm and collected manner. Make sure to pick your battles. Look for win-win scenarios that lead to genuinely productive results for everyone involved. Remember that consistency is one of the great undervalued traits of incredible leadership. In other words, don’t try to copy the boisterous, off-the-cuff style of others; instead, lean on your own natural strengths. Rely on Relationships While extroverts may single-handedly take advantage of opportunities when they arise, introverts often must take a more measured, strategic approach to advancement in the workplace. Yes, at some point, you may have to go up against that annoyingly ambitious, blustery colleague for an assignment or promotion. However, it’s always smart for a self-aware introvert to set the stage beforehand through building meaningful, strategic office relationships. In other words, make sure to lean on the strength of select individual relationships within the office in order to create a base of allies that can support you and even stand up for you from time to time. Convey Your Communication Needs If you’re reading this, there’s a good chance you already know that you’re an introvert. If that’s the case, don’t be afraid to let others in on the information, especially bosses. Introverts usually need a fairly quiet space in which to operate. If you’re meeting with a boss or co-worker in a situation that involves office politics, ask if the meeting can be held in a quieter space so you can focus. Grab a spare office or unused conference room. Don’t be afraid to speak up in little ways like these in order to set the stage for your own success. Networking While building a select group of strong relationships is important, general networking is also a critical part of office politics. While this may often be done in group settings, an introvert can accomplish quality networking by simply by taking the time to engage with superiors, co-workers, and employees one on one. Take them out for coffee, invite them to lunch, and look for opportunities that can open up a chance for you to network. This allows you to build relationships and let those you work with learn about you, your background, and your accomplishments. This is naturally much easier to do on your terms in a controlled scenario. However, it’s also important to make sure that you know where to draw the line with one-on-one relationships. While you want to succeed in genuine bridge building, you also want to ensure that your professional interactions remain firmly within reasonable, ethical bounds. Particularly when it comes to more withdrawn individuals, if a co-worker begins to show signs of crossing the line into sexual harassment or assault, make sure to take steps to report it immediately. “Bragging” There are few things more intimidating to an introvert than the idea of needing to talk themselves up. The call to self-promotion is hardly one that comes naturally. Regardless, it is absolutely required when you’re trying to prove that you’re worthy of being heard. Once again, while it’s important to practice talking about yourself in a positive light, there are multiple ways to lean on your own strengths in order to set yourself up in the best way possible on your terms. For instance, begin internally by taking the time to get comfortable with talking about your accomplishments. Set up mental reminders that these are simple facts and figures. Your performance speaks for itself, whether you talk about it or not. Therefore, you can treat discussing your accomplishments as a matter of fact. It’s little more than a natural conversation piece, so to speak. Rather than seeing it as an attempt to deceive others into liking you more, look at it as a simple communication of who you are to those who don’t fully know you. In addition, take the time to keep detailed records of your accomplishments and report to your superiors regularly, not just during performance reviews. This gives you a chance to genuinely explain what you’ve accomplished without being under the gun to “promote yourself” in a high-pressure scenario. In fact, this can often even be done with the written word via email or social media. Quietly Dominating the Office Hopefully, at this point, you’re aware of the different tools and abilities that introverts have at their disposal as they navigate through the turbulent waters of their office’s political arena. Rather than giving in to the temptation to simply mirror the extrovert-friendly tactics that typically win the day, look for opportunities to use your own quiet strengths in order to be heard. Whether it’s through individual networking, gently highlighting your accomplishments on a regular basis, or finding ways to accentuate your natural abilities, there are plenty of ways to quietly dominate your own office politics and work your way up the corporate ladder in the process. By Sam Bowman Sam  Bowman  is a freelance writer and introvert who enjoys getting to utilize the internet for the community without actually having to leave his house. In his spare time, he likes running, reading, and combining the two in a run to his local bookstore. Go to top Power-Influence-Office Politics: it comes down to your Strategic Relationships and understanding of how you build each one of these elements. I want to help you accelerate your career by connecting you with your Free Instant Access to my video that outlines all of this and meaningful actions you can take today!   Start watching now by clicking here! Brought to you by Dorothy Tannahill-Moran â€" dedicated to unleashing your professional potential. Introvert Whisperer

The Importance of Origami in Japan

The Importance of Origami in Japan Origami in Japan: Culturally Significant or Fun Pastime? ChaptersThe History of OrigamiWhat does Origami Symbolise?Why is Origami so Important in Japanese Culture?How to Make Simple OrigamiTo say that origami is strictly Japanese art would be misleading; plenty of other cultures know how to make origami.For instance, children around the world routinely tempt fate with a fortune teller and send paper aeroplanes soaring. More than one paper boat has floated across bodies of water big and small, carrying with it the wishes of the child who launched it.Perhaps you’ve folded such things yourself.Origami, literally ‘fold paper’, is just one of many Japanese words to describe paper art. Others include kirigami â€" ‘cut paper’ and kusudama, a modular origami ball consisting of many identical units glued or sewn together.Kusudama’s literal translation is ‘medicine ball’. Their origins have been traced to ancient Japanese culture, when they most likely consisted of flowers or herbs and were burned as incense or displayed.In spite of the vocabulary, to say that origami is synonymous with Japanese culture is to discount both origami and culture; after all, every culture has plenty of historical markers that are no longer relevant today.The Japanese are a modern people and their society is, in many ways, a model of progress so to assume that the sum total of being Japanese is sitting around and folding origami is a bit unfair.It also cheats western paper folders of acknowledgement for their contributions to the craft.Really, the topic is not whether origami is strictly a Japanese art form â€" it’s not, but how much the ancient art of origami still impacts Japanese culture today.Let’s get our exploring gear and head out to discover! NanaJapanese Teacher 5.00 (3) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors YukoJapanese Teacher 5.00 (3) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors EllyJapanese Teacher 5.00 (1) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MomokoJapanese Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discove r all our tutors MelanieJapanese Teacher £14/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JamesJapanese Teacher 5.00 (5) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors PippaJapanese Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MarikoJapanese Teacher £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsThe History of Origami Doesn't this give a new meaning to origami book? Image by Claudia Peters from PixabayIt is safe to say that if paper had not been invented, there would be no paper craft.That’s not to say that there was no such thing as thin sheets to write on and roll up before the Chinese politician Cai Lun’s discovery, around 105 CE, that long fibre pulp strained through cloth made very fine paper.Papyrus, parchment and vellum predate paper by several millennia but they do not lend themselves well to folding, nor can they hold a shape for long.We can say the same for cloth; even heavily starched, one cannot expect cloth folds to keep their given form.So, whereas the art of folding certainly predates making paper, folded paper art was not established until some centuries later.The Chinese, originators of this new style of paper, soon realised delicate artistic creations using paper but it took a couple more centuries for paper to arrive in Japan.No one is really sure exactly when the Buddhist m onk showed the Japanese emperor how to make paper but, by the Edo period (1603 to 1868), Japanese people were folding paper for fun, for training and for ceremonial events.Meanwhile, elsewhere in the world, paper was becoming more widely used, especially in crafts for kids.Learn more about the history of paper and how origami became associated with Japan...What does Origami Symbolise?Standard origami paper is square, often double-sided and comes in varying sizes but you can create origami out of any paper that will keep a crease.Some people use a dollar bill to fold origami butterflies while others use chewing gum wrappers to make napkin holders, bracelets and Guinness Book of Records entries.These types of paper are decidedly out of the norm for origami â€" it is doubtful that Washi paper comes in the same dimensions as a US dollar. Still, the passion for folding is obvious in these creations; why else would anyone bother folding them?On the surface, one might say that such origami projects reflect the patience and perseverance of the artist.On the other hand... do they have any cultural significance? Do they add value to a culture or provide aesthetic beauty?Canada might be proud of their record-holding paper artist and holidaymakers might be happy to fold an origami shirt out of their leftover dollars but it is not likely that any of those works would be displayed in an art museum... Origami cranes are especially significant in Japanese culture Image by Thanks for your Like • donations welcome from PixabayOn the other side of the world, however, traditional origami models invoke both heritage and cultural standards.In Japan, the culture of ‘cute’, kawaii, is pervasive.From anime characters to their irrepressible love for cats, the Japanese revel in anything that appears childlike and charming.It should then come as no surprise that you can find folding instructions online for a Pikachu, an anime creature that resembles a cat and is most certainly cute.All cuteness aside, there is a much deeper symbolism present in Japanese origami: each of the origami animals traditionally associated with Japanese culture ties in with their Shinto beliefs.For instance, their origami dragon represents a water god that can shapeshift into a human, while dragonfly symbolises power, courage and happiness.What does an origami flower stand for? How about an origami crane... and w hat is the story behind folding a thousand cranes?Take the time to learn the meaning behind the most traditional origami designs in Japan.Why is Origami so Important in Japanese Culture?If you had to name three qualities that best describe the people of Japan, what would you come up with?We’re not promoting stereotypes here; many of the positive attributes we heap on Japan actually have their roots in fact.Overall, Japanese people enjoy order.From removing shoes before entering their home to having a place for everything and keeping everything in its place, it would be rare to find a dishevelled, disordered person in Japan.That same attention to detail is one character trait that lends origami a special significance in the Land of the Rising Sun.You might interpret it as a classic tale of whether following origami instructions as children caused such diligence or whether conscientiousness is a national characteristic that leads to a wealth of easy origami. Bowing has long fallen out of favour in our country, except maybe at horse shows! Image by David Mark from PixabayJapanese people have a tendency towards formality.For the most part, gone are the days when a gentleman would tip his hat in greeting in our country but, in Japan, bowing is still very much the norm.On the streets, subways and in boardrooms across that country, bowing is a sign of respect: the deeper the bow, the greater the veneration.Bowing can be traced back more than 1,500 years, when the practice of bowing to deities was carried to Japan from other Asian countries.From then, it became a Shogun’s signature, with ever more elaborate bows signalling the more accomplished fighters. Soon, everybody was bowing whether they were a warrior or not.Bowing fell out of favour for a period but the practice was revived in the early 1600s, and ojigi (bowing) has been a staple of the Japanese culture ever since.Oddly enough, it was during the time that the Shogun ruled Japan that origami folding became a cultural staple.The more experienced warriors would teach young initiates how to make origami and then task them to fold ever more intricate designs. These exercises were both a test of discipline and an exercise meant to develop precision.The exacting nature of paper origami demands the ability to visualise â€" unlike other visual arts, a blank sheet of paper gives few clues to what it could become and even fewer step instructions on how model it.Fortunately for new initiates, these days, some brands of Japanese paper are printed with a crease pattern so that you will know if that sheet of paper is destined to become an origami bird, a cicada or a water bomb.These are just two of the reasons why origami is important to the Japanese culture; can you think of a few more?How to Make Simple OrigamiAfter all this talk about Japanese culture and the art of paper folding that is often attributed exclusively to them, you may be keen to get started on your first pap er art project... or did you want ideas for origami for kids?Before you raid the paper pack by your printer, you should know that origami paper is thinner and more resistant to tearing than other types of paper. Still, if you are just starting out, any square piece of paper will do to practice your folds.Go ahead and trim off the excess from your standard paper; we’ll wait.Most likely, to arrive at square paper, you made a diagonal fold, so that the top of the page aligned with the side, right? You will have further use of diagonal folds the more you get into origami.For now, fold your paper in half, as though you were closing a book; be sure to crease the paper well. Now open it; the resulting V is called a valley fold.Now, rotate your paper 90 degrees, turn it over and again fold it in the same way, being mindful of your creases. Unfold the paper; the upside-down V is called a mountain fold.Mountains and valleys are fundamental to every origami project, as are the pleat, crimp a nd reverse fold. You can start off with simple designs such as an origami heart or an origami star and then work your way up to more complex designs, ultimately incorporating tessellations and working your way up to 3D origami.Now that you’ve gotten started we can’t wait to see all of the beautiful origami you will turn out once you learn how!Send us an update, won’t you?

Are You a Work Martyr If You Answer Yes to Those 5 Questions - Take Action! - Introvert Whisperer

Introvert Whisperer / Are You a Work Martyr If You Answer “Yes” to Those 5 Questions - Take Action! - Introvert Whisperer Are You a Work Martyr? If You Answer “Yes” to Those 5 Questions Take Action! Do you know what your next career step is?  Many people don’t. I want to help you accelerate your career by connecting you with your Free Instant Access to my eBook on how to construct your Career SMART Goals â€" that will help you put together your actions and keep you accountable. Get your copy now and start your action plan today! Brought to you by Dorothy Tannahill-Moran â€" dedicated to unleashing your professional potential. Introvert Whisperer

When is The Commute No Longer Worth It - Introvert Whisperer

Introvert Whisperer / When is The Commute No Longer Worth It - Introvert Whisperer When is The Commute No Longer Worth It? For most of us, work is a necessity, not a choice. And sometimes finding work means journeying outside the boundaries of our hometowns or cities. The average American commutes about 30 minutes each way to work everyday. And in certain high cost cities, this commute is often much longer for low-wage workers. So, when it comes to commutes, how can you determine the point of diminishing returns? Here are some things to consider when evaluating your commute.   Expense Sure, you have to go to work to make money. But how much of your income is spent on your daily commute? If the cost of your daily commute consumes too much of your take-home pay, it might be time to look for a job closer to home. When considering expense, take into account the wear-and-tear on your vehicle as additional meal costs associated with long hours away from home. Poor Health Is your health suffering from extended periods spent in cars, trains, or busses? Are you struggling to maintain a healthy weight and healthy habits because of the strain of your commute? This might be a sign that your commute is no longer worth it. This is especially true if your commute cuts into your sleep time. The detriments of sleep deprivation are health and productivity are well-known. If your daily commute forces you doesn’t give you enough time to exercise regularly and forces you to frequently eat unhealthy fast food, it might be time for a change. Time If your daily commute cuts significantly into the time you should be spending on maintaining a healthy home life, you might want to reconsider. A long commute can prevent you from attending your kids’ games and recitals, spending quality time with your spouse, or getting the education you need to advance in your career. Career Advancement The truth is, sometimes our dream jobs present less-than-ideal situations, and we roll with it hoping to reap long-term benefits. If this is your situation, then your commute may be worth it. However, if   your position offers no real opportunity for upward movement or career advancement, you might want to reconsider. You should evaluate the merits of your job and the opportunities it provides you. If you can’t see yourself progressing in a meaningful way over the next few years, it may be time to find a new position. Especially, if you can find a closely-related position closer to home. Author Bio: Jordan Perez is a human resource expert at ResumePundits.com with over 10 years experience helping HR managers and employees create better work relations. She’s also an avid freelance writer who has been published in online magazines and corporate websites. When she’s not engaged in HR developments, she loves hitting the road to see new places and spending time with her two daughters. Go to top Do you know what your next career step is?  Many people don’t. I want to help you accelerate your career by connecting you with your Free Instant Access to my eBook on how to construct your Career SMART Goals â€" that will help you put together your actions and keep you accountable. Get your copy now and start your action plan today! Brought to you by Dorothy Tannahill-Moran â€" dedicated to unleashing your professional potential. Introvert Whisperer

A Parents Guide to Learning in the Digital Age

A Parent's Guide to Learning in the Digital Age The technological advancements of the 21st century have changed nearly all aspects of modern lifeincluding education. Working purely with textbooks, printed maps, and other physical resources was the norm for students until the 1980s and 1990s. Todays students have a myriad of technologies at their fingertips that can make the learning process more captivating and convenient. However, not all devices on the market are equally beneficial to students. So which technologies can help or hinder an early learners growth? See below for a brief guide to learning in the digital age. [RELATED: 3 Emerging EdTech Tools That Can Spark an Interest in Learning] Digital technologies that can help Electronic reading tablets Sometimes seen as cooler than traditional books, electronic reading tablets (such as the Amazon Kindle) can instill an early love of reading in your child. Such devices also make it easy for readers to discover the meanings of new words, take notes, and quickly skip pages. Additional benefits of electronic reading tablets are that they are lightweight and portable. Just take along the tablet and charger on any upcoming trips, and your child will be able to read comfortably from a variety of options. Digital storytelling Digital storytelling is the process of creating an original storybook online. Websites such as Little Bird Tales and Storybird allow young students to use their imaginations as they practice higher thinking skills. Students can also read the digital storybooks of other individuals around the world. In the case of writers block, students may get inspiration from the writing prompts that are also available. With Little Bird Tales, students can even record their voice to narrate their own stories. Both websites offer a free trial so students and parents can decide which is right for them. [RELATED: 5 Benefits of Using Videos to Learn] Digital technologies that can hinder Non-educational video games in excess When played in moderation, age-appropriate video games can serve as an enjoyable outlet for children to destress and, in some cases, get exercise. But video games can quickly become addictive for people of all ages, and children are no exception. Video games should never take away from a childs study, sleep, meal, and family time. Some studies have shown that children who play video games often are slightly more at risk for developing attention problems. Another has revealed that young gamers perform worse on reading tasks than their non-gamer classmatesbut this may be because they substitute after-school reading time with game-playing time. Devices without parental controls Children, who are naturally curious, may turn to the internet for answers to their many and varied questions. While there is nothing unnatural about this behavior, parents should be vigilant about their childrens browsing habits. Any device with internet capability but without parental controls could be a danger for children. A simple online search can unearth inappropriate, violent, and generally traumatizing results for an impressionable child. Opt for preventative solutions, such as apps and software with parental control features built in. [RELATED: How Online Learning Helps Students] When used properly and in moderation, technology can offer benefits to the user. Parents should use discretion about which technologies to introduce to their children, and supervision once those technologies are in the childs possession. Any topics you want to know more about? Let us know! The Varsity Tutors Blog editors love hearing your feedback and opinions. Feel free to email us at blog@varsitytutors.com.

Inequalities on a number line

Inequalities on a number line A number line is representing the numbers on a straight line. On the number line the numbers are written from left to right in an ascending order, smaller on the left and greater on the right. This helps to identify which number is greater and smaller. A number line can be used to represent an inequality. A greater that sign is represent by and a smaller than sign can be represented by . In an inequality two sides of the equation are not the same which leads to comparison of greater than or lesser than. Example 1: What inequality does the following number line show? Solution: Given here is a number line. The filled circle includes the number on the number line. An open circle represents not including the number on the number line. Now the blue underlined line represents a set of points, which can represented as an inequality. For the inequality a variable x can be taken. Here the shaded line starts from 3 (including 3) and covers all the points less than 3. So the inequality will be x is lesser than or equal to 3. Hence the solution is x 3. Question: Multiple choice question (Pick the correct option.) Which of the following point is not included in the following number line? a) 1 b) 5 c) 10 d) None of these. Correct answer: option a. The inequality covers all point greater than 1. Hence, the number line represents the inequality x 1. The inequality doesnt include the point 1 as it has an open circle.